Posts Tagged ‘Working’

« Older Entries

Have a Safe Working environs with Fire Safety Signs

May 7th, 2012

Fire Safety Equipment: When looking for a job, employees should always see the safety of the workplace environment. Since they are going to pass most of their time in the office, they would want to assure that their lives would not be at risk during the working time. If you are an employer, you are responsible to oversee that your workplace does not only have positive and conducive environment but more importantly, a safe one as well. One way to achieve this is to equip the office with fire safety signs that would raise awareness and keep employees well informed regarding fire safety procedures and protective devices.

Fire safety signs:
Fire safety signs are mainly designed to inform. These will instruct people about exit locations, location of fire safety devices such as extinguishers, and fire emergency procedures.

It does not make sense to set up fire extinguishers all over your office if nobody knows where they are located or how to use them. Fire safety signs serve as a guide not only to employees but also to business owners and even visitors when a fire accident arises. People will be able to find escape routes or know what to do in case of a fire with the help of fire safety signs.

Under the UK Health and Safety Laws, employers are urged to install fire safety signs in the premises of their business, company, office, or workplace. Apart from that, it is also the employer’s responsibility to oversee that the workplace is free from fire hazards and health risks. Employers are also responsible for inspecting plants, equipment, and machinery to see to it that they follow safety standards and regulations. Setting up fire safety signs in your office is not only necessary to comply with the law but also to show responsible and efficient office management.

There are different kinds of fire safety signs which are classified according to the message it conveys. Green signs, also called as “safe condition signs,” instruct people about fire safety equipment, first aid kits, fire escape routes, and fire emergency procedures. Red signs, which are referred to as “fire safety” signs, are used only for the location of fire extinguishers and other types of fire safety devices. Blue or “mandatory” signs are signs that give orders such as a fire action notice for instance. Signs that have red circles with a diagonal line are called “prohibition” signs. These signs inform people what not to do. An example would be a no smoking sign. Lastly, yellow triangles, which are called “caution signs,” are used for informing people about dangerous items, locations, or substances.

Fire safety signs are pivotal for any workplace or building. They act as a guide for people so they would know what to do or where to go in case of a fire accident. And since people usually panic during this kind of emergency, having fire safety signs to guide them can surely minimize damages and save lives.

Comments Off »

Posted in Uncategorized

Tags:

Safety Measures When Working With Chemicals

April 26th, 2012

There are rigid legal requirements regarding the proper safety using chemicals in the workplace and there is a good reason for this. It is vital to observe these in their entirety, mainly for the safety of the employees and staff, but also for the moral conscience and good reputation of the company. There are too many hazards to list them all separately, so find out what chemicals are used where you work, preferably before starting, and what measures are taken to ensure employee safety. Each chemical is distinctive and every country has different laws, but even if the law does not oblige a company to take certain safety measures, that does not mean they can not do so anyway.

With around 7 million different chemicals and an estimated 400 million tons produced each year the dangers can not be underestimated. The truth about working with chemicals, and therefore how to protect against the dangers, is frightening. The long-term, and in some cases, even short-term, effects of many chemicals are unknown, making safety a problem, so extra measures, rather than fewer are preferable.

Deciding factors in safety measures are; what type of danger is there; dust, solid, vapor, liquid and gas and how they can enter or damage the body, i.e. Inhalation, entering through the lungs; absorption, through the skin; ingestion, through the mouth.

Masks, “space suits” or whatever items may prevent chemicals entering should not only be provided, but should be checked and replaced regularly. A wonderful total body suit and helmet is of no use if there is even a tiny hole through which a chemical can enter, and once inside, the damage is done.

Regular medical check-ups should be mandatory for any worker who comes into contact, however briefly, with any dangerous chemical.

Employees expected to have contact with dangerous chemicals should receive sufficient training before being allowed near the chemical.

It is also important that the company checks regularly for leaks or spillage. If left unattended these could do untold damage.

One important factor, often overlooked is washing. The business should provide protective clothing, which is “washed” within the company – not taken home and put in the machine with the babies clothes. Showering facilities for employees should be on-site, eliminating the risk of transporting the toxin elsewhere.

It is also important for employers to talk to employees in a language they can understand, and I do not mean French, Spanish etc, but rather using non-technical terms and phrases. Not everyone exposed to chemicals are nuclear chemists.

To sum up, yes the company is responsible, but only up to the point of the law. A company may feel a moral obligation or none at all, so employees must find out for themselves what the risks are and ensure adequate measures are taken.

Comments Off »

Posted in Uncategorized

Tags:

Height Safety – The Number 1 Mistake When Working at Height

March 30th, 2012

All too often our trainers visit work sites only to find people working at height making the same mistake again and again. Is it a minor mistake? No! It is one that would be catastrophic if the worker should fall. Some people think that the number one mistake as a worker operating without safety equipment. Not so!

The number one mistake I see is where companies have incurred the cost of providing safety equipment, however through lack of the required knowledge the worker is using it incorrectly. The worker feels safe but doesn’t know that if he falls his protective equipment will fail.

It would be a tragedy, worse it would be unnecessary.

The number 1 mistake is connector misuse by the site worker.

What does misuse mean?

1. Choking – tying off incorrectly

2. Connecting to an unsuitable anchor point

3.

Incorrect directional loading

1. Choking

This is where a site worker is supplied a lanyard, often with a small karabiner at the end. The site worker instinctively passes the lanyard around an anchor point e.g. a column or a beam, using the karabiner to choke i.e. tighten the lanyard around the anchor point.

The problem arises should the worker fall, further tightening the choked lanyard and subsequently applying a shock load inappropriately to the karabiner gate most likely causing the barrel of the karabiner to fail. Karabiners are designed to accommodate tensile (pull) forces along their length and are at their weakest when the load forces are across the minor axis (width) or against the gate.

  It is generally accepted that to engineer a connector to withstand the directional loading across the gate of the Karabiner which has been choked during a fall would require a gate strength of 5,000 lbs.

 Note that this dynamic loading failure across the gate of the connector applies to all styles of connector i.e.

scaffold hook, snap hook, and karabiner.

2. Connecting to an unsuitable anchor point

For example, a roof worker may instinctively connect to an handrail believing this to be a suitable fixing point.

Note! All temporary anchorage points must be able to withstand a 12 kN Load. If in doubt the anchor point should be approved by a structural engineer.

3. Scaffold Hooks

Scaffold hooks are often placed around scaffolding resting on a horizontal member, i.e. the gate of the scaffold hook will be forced open subject to the loading that would be imposed by the horizontal member in the event of a fall. This occurs because the downward direction or loading imposed by the cross-member is across the axis of the gate on the scaffold hook and will result in complete hook failure as the hook gate will subsequently bend open, or in worst-case scenario, will explode.

Summary of connector misuse

Often a lack of understanding of equipment performance and its limitations can result in site workers being issued with inappropriate safety equipment which is not suitable for its intended use.

For example the scaffold hooks are often used where a sling would be a much safer option.

To conclude this section on misuse of connectors, which can have devastating and even fatal consequences; it is important for a site management, Foreman and stores personnel to be competent to issue the appropriate equipment for the job.

Site workers, generally through lack of training are not aware of what they can do with the simplest of equipment such as connectors. It is therefore essential that both site workers and those managers responsible for height safety are adequately trained to be competent to carry out their duties safely.

Connector misuse is just one of 25 or more total equipment misuse areas commonly seen on site.

  Death to the number 1 mistake – not the site worker

  How to choose and use connectors. Years of experience on site has convinced me that the answer lies in the following:

1. Sufficient strength and load-bearing capabilities

2. Correct size

3. Easy to use

4. Lightweight to carry

5. Commercially acceptable

6. Being properly trained to use connectors and associated equipment

Inevitably this often leads back to specifying slings, be they webbing or cable.

These proprietary products have to be PPE items which are CE approved, designed to be an integral component in any fall arrest system and not just a bit of wire which somebody has terminated.

Slings fall into two categories

Wire -cable sling to EN795 – Usually a 1m (but can reasonably be any length) galvanised steel cable, inside a hard but flexible resin jacket, making it more durable from abrasion and corrosion, also protecting the anchorage point from cable abrasion. This type of configuration is commonly used in conjunction with inertia reels.

Webbing slings to EN795 – This is a product which is lightweight and easy to carry around, which adds to its attraction and is relatively inexpensive. It is often used when anchoring to a scaffold pole.

Correct use of scaffold hooks and karabiners

Scaffold Hook

It may be the case that it is easier to tie off with a scaffold hook than a sling and standard karabiner, but a scaffold hook is designed to be suspended off horizontal Anchorage e.g. of a horizontal scaffold tube, ensuring correct directional loading (vertical downward load).

Karabiners

As mentioned earlier karabiners are weakest when they are loaded across or against their gate. This means that it is vitally important that the karabiner is always loaded along its length and never across its width, which would pull against its gate or caused the karabiner to take a force against the gate. So please take care.

Comments Off »

Posted in Uncategorized

Tags:

Proper Safety Training when Working with Chemicals

March 27th, 2012

Becoming properly and expertly trained before working with chemicals is very important. In some cases the company will provide this training, in others, businesses look for people already trained.

If you do not feel the training has totally prepared you for whatever field you intend to work in, look for more guidance. This is not an area where “I’m sure it will be all right” applies. Chemicals can kill, and you must feel comfortable in your knowledge before approaching them.

Training can be divided into different areas, although many basics apply to all the ways you can come into contact with chemicals. You can learn to handle and use chemicals, transport or store them, work with them, or dispose of them. The specific training depends on the type of job you intend to do. Obviously learning to dispose of chemicals, where you may have to pour them into something is not the same as driving along a road with tons of them sitting behind you.

There are some basic things that apply to anyone having contact with any chemical; stability, i.e.

how it reacts to the environment or movement; how each chemical can enter the body, eg. Inhalation, by breathing it in, (and this depends on what form it takes, dust liquid etc.); – what risks are associated with it, i.e. does it make you scratch or do you die or become paralyzed; are the risks long-term or short-term, i.e. you feel fine today, but in 10 years time what will happen?

Training should teach people how to handle, use and dispose, but it should also include how to deal with accidents quickly and effectively. The amount of damage done in the case of a spill can often depend on the amount of time the chemical is “free”.

If it is cleared up quickly and the leak sealed off, there will be a smaller quantity around to do damage. It will have covered a smaller area and maybe less people will have been affected. It should also include some first aid, or emergency response procedures, as these can be vital in making a difference while waiting for the authorities to send an ambulance and expert team.

You will learn about “toxicology”, “the study of adverse effects of chemicals on living organisms”. This prepares you for the worst and hopefully helps prevent it.

You should find out what is available in your area, as many countries offer free training as part of a “health and safety” campaign, and you can not learn too much where safety is concerned.

Comments Off »

Posted in Uncategorized

Tags:

How To Remove Safety Center From Your System – Working Tutorial

February 24th, 2012

Safety Center is rogue anti-spyware application available on the Internet that pretends itself as system defragmenter and claim to optimize the system performance. It is newly developed cyber brat by cunning scammers to cheat the innocent users. It is very much similar to iniquitous rogue security applications like HDD Plus and HDD Rescue. The main objective of this fake application is to drain out your pocket by selling you bogus application. It shows commercial adverts to attract the user’s attention. With the help of numerous tricky methods like annoying pop-ups, security alerts, false viruses etc it make you frightened that your system is badly damaged by harmful spyware. But don’t get anxious by seeing all these fake results because it’s only a way to mislead you in order to purchase the licensed version of this perilous application. So, it’s time to remove Safety Center from your system in order to keep your system safe and secure.

Generally Safety Center attack your system by means of harmful Trojans and adds additional threats into your computer. It automatically gets installed into your system without any consent of user and starts its destructive actions to ruin the system performance. It starts working every time you login to Windows. This dangerous application changes your system settings and alters Windows registry after entering your system. It generates malicious files at different location of your PC and interrupts the execution of various system applications. It automatically connects itself to the Internet and hijack web browser. It redirects Google, Yahoo to remote website and sends your web history to remote server. Apart from these this fake application steals your personal data with the help of keylogger and thus violates system security. So, it’s very important to remove Safety Center as early as possible to maintain PC integrity and security.

Safety Center Removal Steps

You can manually remove this bogus application from your PC by using below mentioned steps:

* Uninstall Safety Center from your computer
* Kill or Stop its running process and remove its executable files from the system
* With the help of Windows Registry editor remove its registry keys and entries
* Delete its associated files from entire location of PC

You can remove this rogue program from your system using above mentioned steps. But use it only when you have detailed knowledge about registry editing because minor mistake in edition leads to system files deletion and sometimes system crash. So, it is strongly recommended to use effective Registry cleaner to repair the damaged registry. It properly scans the system and deleted infected registry entries to enhance the system performance. In order to remove Safety Center you can also use genuine Anti-spyware software which successfully removes entire files of this bogus application and viruses from your system.

Comments Off »

Posted in Uncategorized

Tags:

Building Evacuation Safety: Working with Crisis

February 12th, 2012

In almost any emergency, safety and evacuation is usually the primary matter, and the answer is to make certain the get away path could be as brief as is possible. Through these instances, other elements to think about include things like: a) The volume of persons using the exit; and b) The opportunity of an exit becoming clogged. This is the reason a clear course along with exit path marks, virtually no things blocking the path, and can be easily moved through is recommended in such cases. They should also be a single meter wide, and those that go over 30 meters, as with the case of workplaces and production facilities, ought to be subdivided by fire doorways. With regards to high-rise architectural structures, the matter is available in the form of the collective result of guiding a multitude of individuals to traverse great up and down ranges.

Emergency readiness is essential, and might signify life or death to people involved. Given this, the evacuation program can be split up into the following phases: detection, reaction, and movement to safety.

Detection and Cautionary System

An operating warning system should be available to warn everyone in the property in case of a crisis. Fire alarms and oral news are the most ordinarily applied methods for forewarning purposes, and it is the organization owner’s responsibility to make sure the alarms will be functional and there will be someone to advise everyone on the property in the event it happens.

In the matter of a fire, if it is trash can sized or smaller and contained inside an area, the utilization of an extinguisher may be the most effective answer.

Informing the floor monitor is the following step involved to discover the character as well as extent of the circumstance. In these instances, you have to inform your employees that all fires need to be cited. If it fails to extinguish, or when it is bigger than trash can size or not contained, the next step could involve pulling the closest alarm and phoning the law enforcement for help.

Reaction and Movement for Exit

Once the crisis is made known to everybody in the property, leaving the location stands out as the following step. For this reason proper education and instruction for all people is needed to avoid mass panic in the event the emergency situation really occurs. NFPA 101 and The Life Safety Code mandate workplaces, clinical facilities, and academic companies to deliver an exit/relocation plan in these situations, and also to make certain that everybody is conscious of the dictated plan. This calls for every single team having a specific and pre-determined assembly spot where everyone checks in with the boss before leaving the property.

For a safe and successful evacuation, all of the staff ought to proceed to your closest exit led by course marks in an orderly fashion, making sure not simply their security, but the proper protection of others too. After the premises have been completely exited, everyone ought to proceed to the gathering area and remain at least twenty feet from the building walls. When the situation is manageable, everyone should prepare for more bulletins.

Given that emergency cases may cost considerable amounts of cash and psychological stress to every person, the prevention of controllable elements (e.g. fire, accidents, etc) should invariably be practiced. Otherwise, a clear strategy disseminated successfully is crucial as certain circumstances (e.g. earthquakes, bombings, etc) can never be predicted.

All establishments should have a well-disseminated building evacuation safety plan led by fire safety signs to ensure the protection of everyone on the premises.

Comments Off »

Posted in Uncategorized

Tags:

Safety training course and tools for friendly working environment

January 12th, 2012

Training in various fields of work is very essential to enhance your personality and skills. It can also boost up your confidence level. Due to changing time and generation, training and education is not just limited to bookish knowledge. You need training in versatile fields to become successful in this highly competitive world. And if you are working than you definitely require special education and training to improve your working skills and also to stay safe. There are many institutes and on line companies that provide advance level training for people working in corporate sector and industries.

They offer their courses at very reasonable fees. Though it is a big responsibility for any employer to ensure safety to their employees, work places are not always free from risks and accident. In this case the safest way is to impart workplace safety training to reduce such risks.

It is very important for those who work in hazardous places and factories. The institutes educate the workers about the harmful chemicals, tools and machineries that are used widely in industries and can injure you. They have introduced useful courses which include education on safety practices to be used while working, how to use personal protective tools and methods, how to handle and deal with hazardous chemicals, and much more. Personality Test Disc of these top training online institutes is the most effective personality testing tool preferred by most people today. The discs are uploaded with lot of helpful and comprehensive materials and methods. Personality development training is very essential to enhance your skills in the corporate or public sector for management, to improve social grace, body language, communication skills, habits and amiability to optimize the interpersonal relationship. These reliable companies offer numerous tools and learning systems that include training films, e-learning tools, online training method and customized accreditation sessions. So purchase the products at affordable prices or enroll to the special courses at a very minimum fee.

Workplace ohs training provided by these companies is very beneficial and this helps to maintain safer working environment and also promote healthy working behavior. These kinds of training are very necessary because it reduces accidents while you are on the job. It equipped workers with valuable information regarding work sites and also provide work related safety training so that the employees can defend themselves from fatal accident and hazardous chemicals. The companies are offering their courses and training materials at the most competitive prices in the market to benefit employees.

Comments Off »

Posted in Uncategorized

Tags:

Working Over the City Skyline Requires Effective Height Safety Training

December 27th, 2011

In today’s fast-paced globe, the sky’s the limit for a lot of the modern day workplace structures which are on the rise. As firms build to stratospheric ranges, more and more folks are necessary to do the job at these mind-blowing heights. Because of this increasing need, employers, contractors, and builders see the need for far better height safety practices.

Exposing workers to these sorts of working conditions is like enjoying a game of chance. You will find inherent risks that arrive when you perform the job this high up. One wrong step and a individual could drop to his death in an instant. In order to avoid this scenario, high quality height safety equipment is really a must. It really is essential which you safeguard the lives of your workers by obtaining gear that operates along with a comprehensive fall safety strategy.

With today’s modern day technologies, height safety equipment is no longer some thing to be concerned with.

The newest security innovations have gone into each and every gear that’s in use at most development locations. These are sturdy, easy to set up, and made from high quality stainless steel and other solid elements to make certain its durability.

You will find two various types of gear associated with height safety:  general height safety and fall arrest gear and private fall arrest. The gear that falls under general height safety includes nets, while personal fall arrest gear is made up of lifelines, harnesses, and lanyards. If a building employee occurs to fall, the full body harness and connecting devices in between the harness will distribute the impact throughout the body and keep your employee in an upright posture.

Just before utilizing each and every bit of gear, these needs to be completely inspected for the presence of mildew, wear, damage, and other imperfections. Businesses that offer gear and items which are compliant with industry standard needs to be always considered. If you want to reinforce the height safety of your workers, you can investigate into including anchor points, horizontal static lines, rail fall arrest systems, and ladders which are compatible along with your height safety equipment.

Height safety just isn’t just about obtaining the proper gear. Your workers have to be prepared for the unexpected. Conducting seminars that teach them its appropriate use will go a long way in saving their lives when something goes badly on the job. Apart from this, you also have to make certain they understand what to perform in case of fall arrest.

This sort of fall protection strategy can securely cease a person from falling. A private fall arrest method is really a full physique harness that the employee must put on when operating in roofing, painting, bridge development, window washing, carpentry, and/or tall structures for example skyscrapers. Without having this sort of security harness system, the likelihood of accidents happening is tremendously elevated.

These two factors can help to eliminate the danger of having unwanted accidents in your workplace or property. The safety of your workers should always come first. They must always be well furnished with proper tools and gear, and be  informed in understanding how to make use of fall protection systems.  Knowing the importance of having a plan and the right usage of equipment can help save lives.

Comments Off »

Posted in Uncategorized

Tags:

Safety Rules Everyone Should Know Before Working on Their Car

December 20th, 2011

Boy let me tell you I was sure disaster was inevitable the first time I ever worked on my car. I figured the first time I started it the neighbors would witness a fireworks display unlike anything that they had ever witnessed before. As I found out, this is a common fear shared by many first time mechanics. However, with that being said working on cars can still be dangerous. That’s why I’ve written out some basic safety rules everyone who works on cars should follow.

-Don’t smoke while working on your car. It’s filled with flammable fluids and materials that can otherwise be sensitive to smoke or fire.

-Never start a car project before you are sure the parking brake is on, the shifter is in park or neutral, and the engine has to be shut off. If you absolutely need to have the engine running to diagnose a problem or make an adjustment, make sure that you turn it on or off yourself to avoid the risk that an otherwise well intentioned friend would crank the engine while your hands are in the way.

-Make sure that the engine itself and the parts involved are relatively cool to the touch.

It’s very easy to get burned by hot engine parts while working on a car as the metal holds heat very well. Also, the fluids themselves may be hot enough to cause you to accidentally burn yourself on if they leak or spray on you without warning. If the job happens to require a warm engine, use caution.

-Always, always block the wheels properly before jacking a vehicle into the air. This may be a basic safety tip that I see abused more than any other out there. If a vehicle begins to roll while on a jack and your underneath it – there will be a very bad incident in your near future, trust me.

Don’t think that you don’t need to use a block, parking brakes fail at times!

-Always use an insulated tool when doing any kind of work on your vehicles electrical system. With an average voltage of between 12 to 14 volts and over 600 amps at the battery, severe electrical burns or injury are a possibility. Be aware of your work and your tools.

-It’s often found that well intentioned back yard mechanics will often use a ratchet or wrench to free a part that’s, well “Stuck.” When they do manage to liberate the part it will often fall directly onto their hand leaving them with a very colorful speech to follow. Or they may free the part only to have their hand hit something directly behind it. So the rule is, when possible always try to pull on a wrench or ratchet, only push on it when required. Also, make sure your hand isn’t under a heavy part that may fall as a result of it’s new found freedom and gravity.

-Be sure to remove your ring, necklaces and all other jewelry before beginning work. If they get snagged on something, they will likely become damaged and it’s possible you may as well.

-Pull back the ponytail or other long hair. If you have long hair, it can easily get caught by a spinning fan blade or belt and the resulting injury can be grave.

-When working with toxic chemicals make sure you keep them away from your eyes and mouth. Also be sure to wash your hands thoroughly after using them, store them safely and keep them away from your pets and children.

-Respect the fact that gasoline is very dangerous to have around. Not only is it’s flammable and toxic in liquid form, but the vapor can be highly explosive as well.

-Also keep a fire extinguisher on hand at all times.

Comments Off »

Posted in Uncategorized

Tags:

Clothes Working For Safety

September 30th, 2011

Over the years, the protection of workers against the risks involved in an industrial workplace has greatly increased in significance. An assessment of workplace hazard is thus necessary to gauge the potential risks that employees run. As such, employers should exhaust all possible means of engineering and work practice controls that may help reduce job-related hazards. Individuals who work in an industrial setting are especially in danger of incurring injuries to their hands and arms. In these situations, the risks often cannot be averted, even with engineering and work practice controls in place. Employers must then make sure that their workers are provided with the appropriate protective clothing and safety equipment.

The phrase protective clothing refers to the type of clothing and garments specifically made to protect an individual from harm. The risks may be occasioned by a variety of situations, such as electrical hazards, infection, blunt impacts and injury from chemicals. This type of clothing is also made to promote occupational safety and serve health purposes, as well as provide adequate support and safety in sports, combat, etc. The phrases protective clothing and protective gear are oftentimes used to refer to the same subject. Nevertheless, gear may also apply to items such as shields, masks, and others.

In an industrial workplace, possible hazards usually include the absorption of harmful substances through the skin; abrasions, chemical or thermal burns; cuts, electrical dangers, punctures, bruises, fractures and amputations. Safety equipment should be made available in order to provide additional protection against dangers that cannot be completely removed through other means. For instance, machine guards may be put in place to eliminate a major hazard. Setting up a barrier to keep employees from placing their hands on the point of contact between a blade and the item about to be cut is another useful method.

The individuals would also need to be protected from the permeation and penetration of all sorts of chemicals they deal with. The particular kind of protective clothing to be provided would depend on specific factors and potential hazards employees may encounter in the workplace. The working environment that exposes an individual to risks would require specific forms protective clothing. In situations involving extreme cold, clothing should offer high levels of insulation while also allowing the worker to perform his duties with the least amount of hindrance as possible. Work environments involving radioactive matter would require particular protection, with clothing designed to prevent ingestion of materials and avoid skin contact and absorption.

The pursuit of maintaining safety, productivity and cleanliness in the workplace should remain a top priority for establishments. In this regard, DAWG has been providing innovative products and personalized service to industrial establishments, commercial enterprises and other businesses over the course of more than twenty years. From its beginnings as a small spill control company, DAWG has become a large multi-brand supplier of products which are specially made for industrial safety, personal protection and building maintenance. DAWG offers a variety of protective clothing that provide security and protection specific to a particular establishment.

Comments Off »

Posted in Uncategorized

Tags: